Rhythm menagerie is much more than just a set of your typical clapping exercises. They learn about syncopation, and the hear the effect of building rhythmic patterns using claves, agogo bells, shakers and bongos. Recall these next forms are built upon the actual clave rhythmic patterns. In most of the songs the clave is implicit or can be heard for a few seconds. Clave in 44 time for afrocuban rhythms and for your own groove ideas. Jan 17, 2014 clave in 44 time for afrocuban rhythms and for your own groove ideas. For each of the son, rumba, bossa nova, and afro cuban claves, there is a 3,2 and a. The clave rhythm and clave concept have been used in some modern art music classical compositions. This is because the clave rhythm is also found in central africa. Often the clave beat wont be played on the second pulse beat count 3.
Intro to afrocuban mambo ryhthms and drumset patterns. The 32 clave music theory for the 21stcentury classroom. In our example we have a 32 clavethree beats in the first measure and two in the second. Another factor that lead to this simplification was the growing popularity of latin music in countries other than cuba. I have a questiondoubt and i hope you can answer it. A clave is a twomeasure pattern that serves as the basis for nearly all styles of latin music. Clave pronounced clahvay is both a rhythm and an instrument. The clave rhythm this clave rhythm is used in many different musical styles including, samba, salsa and american rock and roll.
Predating the son clave, there is another clave pattern that uses 44 timing called the rumba clave. The rhythm of son tends to be much less complex, less syncopated and polyrhythmic, than the rumba styles requiring the modification of the clave rhythm. Quickedit text editor can be used as standard text editor for plain text files, or as a code editor for programming files. A spanish word meaning code, or key, as in the key to a mystery or puzzle. In fact, we simply reverse the first and second measures to get from one clave rhythm to the other. I have heard this in many songs, but i havent been able to find any real clear ones in my personal salsa collection. David penalosa author of the clave matrix afrocuban rhythm. Dec 27, 20 son clave and fumefume feel like the same rhythm because they have the same rhythmic contour, even though theyre in two different time signatures. The discussion in this edition is even more focused on rock as music and stresses perceptive listening.
Students learn a 3part latin clave 23 clave rhythm. Custom sampleaccurate tap detectionlogging software automatically timestamps the taps. The son clave has a much stronger 44 feel while the rumba clave has retains. Acknowledging that the development of jazz music was the result of the complex processes of cultural mixing in the unique nineteenthcentury urban environment of new orleans. A fivenote, bimeasure pattern which serves as the foundation for all of the rhythmic styles in afro. In other words, the rhythm is implied, but still drives the feel or groove of the song. Compose lessons latin red level rhythm latin clave rhythm. Quickedit text editor is a fast, stable and full featured text editor. The son clave has a much stronger 44 feel while the rumba clave has retains a stronger 68 feel. One hundred one rhythm instrument activities for young children. Rumba clave by cuban percussion virtuoso roberto vizcaino has been performed in recital halls around the world. Hear the 23 clave in this afro shuffle recorded by jean anfossi. Intro to afrocuban mambo ryhthms and drumset patterns 2009.
The students must clap the syllables of the words to create the rhythms. I think it would be more accurate state that clave has its roots in subsaharan african music. Clave theory, part 5 emergence of the clave based dances. The funky clave a great place to begin is learning the clave rhythm and how it applies to the new orleans sound. This clave rhythm is used in many different musical styles including, samba, salsa and american rock and roll. This compilation of rhythms and techniques for latin timbales is an attempt to fill. The clave rhythm is the backbone of cuban popular music and many other caribbean traditions besides. One of the best discoveries i made while researching the groove pizza is the mathematician godfried toussaint. Sometimes an instrument will play a variation on the basic rhythm presented here. The clave is a rhythmic pattern used as a tool for temporal organization in afro cuban music. A caribbean contribution to the rhythmic foundation of an africanamerican music christopher washburne the jazz literature abounds with oversimplifications, such as that jazz harmonies are exclusively based on european practices whereas jazz rhythm came by way of africa. Hes especially interested in the rhythm known to latin musicians as 32 son clave, to ghanaians as the.
Flamenco rhythms by oscar herrero flamenco rhythms one of the characteristics of flamenco music is its great variety of styles. Feb 18, 2008 i am writing an article on the clave in salsa, and i am looking for some songs in which you can hear a clear clave rhythm being played at the beginning of the song. The only difference is which side of the clave you are playing in the first measure. This in turn permits more extensive discussion of stylistic connections and contrasts and ways in which the music reflects and shapes. Basic palito pattern the palito is a stick pattern for rumba, traditionally played on the guagua basic palito patterns with 32 rumba clave the palito is played with the right hand doing the rumba clave and the rest of the pattern with the left hand. Another clavebased composition that has gone global is the snare drum suite cross by eugene d. There are two types of clave patterns associated with popular secular music. In this lesson we will look at the son clave rhythms.
However its main focus is located in the actual bossa nova style. In i951, enrique jorrin vuas credited as the creator of the cha. So its very difficult to pick up on exactly how the musicians are orientating themselves around this nonexistent perhaps better to say implied rhythmic centre. You will hear this pattern in all sorts of music like salsa, bossa nova, samba, latin, afrocuban, and even some jazz or swing. The contemporary cuban practice is to write the duplepulse clave in a single measure of 4 4. Using percussion, clave, tambourines maracas, shakers, wood blocks the whole class can have fun learning and playing this catchy latin rhythm. In all the songs i hear, i am able to clap to the son clave rhythm. It is suitable for both general and professional use. The clave is a rhythmic pattern used as a tool for temporal organization in afrocuban music. Afrocaribbean rhythms are noted for their light, danceable feel, due to their emphasis on syncopation and asymmetrical rhythmic patterns. Clave rhythms are the basis of almost all latin music, the most wellknown of which are.
In the reverse clave the difference between the two occurs in the eighth count. Warming up to the clave rhythm pattern dancer katherine kramer leads a warmup routine based on the clave rhythm pattern in this video from the dance arts toolkit series. A mathematical analysis of african, brazilian and cuban. A mathematical analysis of african, brazilian and cuban clave. The fivestroke clave pattern represents the structural core of many afrocuban rhythms. An introduction, 2nd edition has been completely reconceived and rewritten, to take advantage of online delivery of recorded music. Freedownloadrhythms techniques forlatin timbales the bronx. Some have an established rhythmic structure solea, siguiriya, buleria, etc, while others are freemetered tonas, taranta, granaina, malaguena, etc. Moving to the clave rhythm pattern dancer katherine kramer shows how to use the clave rhythm with locomotor and nonlocomotor movements to create a dance in.
Another defining musical characteristic of cuban son is the. The bass tumbao in its simplest version is a 1bar rhythm that is the same across both bars of the clave, but any additional embellishments will fit the. Dec 21, 20 a clave is a twomeasure pattern that serves as the basis for nearly all styles of latin music. Pdf format which can be displayed on an interactive whiteboard or printed out and laminated. The bossa nova clave is another very popular pattern out of the clave family. The nature of the music determines which of these clave rhythms to use in a given song. While the bookshelves groan with mathematical analyses of western harmony, toussaint is the rare scholar who uses the same tools to understand afrocuban rhythms. Playing rhythms latin american latin clave 23 rhythm students learn a 3part latin clave 23 clave rhythm. Is a five stroke pattern over two measures and the key or underlying principle to the rhythmic organization of the music contained within. She also discusses spanish and african influence on flamenco dance. This activity is more advanced and should be tried after the music notation lesson. What you might hear is a strong down beat on count 1, the clave beat on count 2 and a stronger down beat on count 3 which resonates into count 4. The son clave rhythm is the fundamental rhythm in salsa music and has two main variations. Clave is the key pattern that both binds and decodes the rhythmic structure of afrocuban music.
Thus for the clave son a common way to write it is simply. Clave c l a ve h a n o ffb e a t 3 2 o r 2 3 rh yth m ic p a tte rn o ve r tw o b a rs, it is th e b a sis o f a ll c u b a n m u sic in to w h ich a ll e le m e n ts o f a rra n g e m e n t a n d im p ro visa tio n sh o u ld fit. True tf both cuban and puerto rican music reflect african influence. Hear the clave in this salsa recorded by jean anfossi. Quickedit text editor includes a number of performance optimizations and user experience. The 32 clave and the 23 clave are essential rhythmic elements in afrocuban music. In the 32 clave rhythm, there are 3 clave beats that are hit in the first measure and only two in the second measure.
Explain that the clave rhythm comes mainly from africa and how it got to the usa, jamaica and south america slavery. The free worksheets are above, but if you are searching for a reliable way of improving your students rhythm, please take a look at rhythm menagerie and rhythm manipulations today. In this section we will see how cross rhythms implied by the 32 clave. In one 2 measure phrase of 44 time, beat 1, the and of beat 2, and beat 4 in the first measure, beat 2 and the and of beat three in the second measure is one of more common used clave rhythms. The clave consists of a strong measure containing three notes also called the tresillo, and a weak measure containing two notes, resulting in patterns beginning with either measure, referred to as threetwo or twothree. The clave rhythms form the fundamental rhythmic counterpoint for all latin american grooves. To understand how these concepts actually manifest in music, consider the rhythmic pattern known as the clave. This clave rhythm can be heard in many other cuban. A clave can technically accent any beat, but some accents are particularly popular within certain genres of music. They really are readily identifiable and are the key to finding the clave rhythm. For each of the son, rumba, bossa nova, and afro cuban claves, there is a 3,2 and a 2,3 variation 8 total.
For the uninitiated, listen for the sound of a hollow wooden stick being hit with another hollow wooden sti. The term was originally used by record companies to describe recordings marketed predominantly to urban african americans, at a time when urbane, rocking, jazz based music with a heavy, insistent beat was becoming more popular. Just about all percussion patterns in cuban music fit around the clave, as does the piano montuno. The clave sets the stage for interlocking puzzle of rhythms built upon it. What are some great songs that have claves playing in them. Playing rhythms latin american latin clave 23 rhythm. Explain that the clave rhythm was originally meant to be played on the drum, but because of the slave owners being afraid of communication and any remembrances of their heritage. In a song in 32 clave the first bar contains the 3 beats of the clave rhythm and the second bar contains the 2 other beats. Apr 26, 2019 what are some great songs that have claves playing in them. If the answer is quite a lot then getting the clave and other patterns right is important. Oct 09, 2019 a clave is a set of repeating rhythmic accents that are emphasized on top of the groove of a song.
Definition from rebeca mauleons salsa guidebook for piano and ensemble. The socalled bossa nova clave or brazilian clave has a similar rhythm to that of the son clave, but the second note on the twoside is delayed by one pulse subdivision. Dec 27, 2014 the funky clave a great place to begin is learning the clave rhythm and how it applies to the new orleans sound. It is present in a variety of genres such as abakua music, rumba, conga, son, mambo, salsa, songo, timba and afrocuban jazz. It has been optimized for using on both phones and tablets. New orleans has always been a melting pot of so many culturescaribbean, african, and europeanand though i hesitate to use the generic, overused term gumbo, it really is a great description for the music. Clave pronounced clahvay is a rhythmic pattern or timeline which has its roots in west african music and was developed in cuba. As i have remarked throughout this article, the clave pattern has origins in the native african rumba which is a style of music that uses a 128 feel in the music. Thurber house childrens writer in residence in 2011, living and writing in james thurbers attic for a month in columbus, ohio. An analysis of the rhythms with several similarity measures reveals that the clave son is most like all the other clave rhythms and perhaps pro vides an explanation for its worldwide popularity. Often times, the clave rhythm is the basis for the rhythmic parts of a song, but is not actually played by itself. Exploring latin rhythms scholarworks university of montana.
How to hear the clave in salsa jason lyon on music. Other parts such as tumbao and cascara are defined largely by which type of clave rhythm is used. This means that while the band grooves like it would on any other song, they continually accent certain beats above all others. Yet, it all seemed like clavebased 1 hidden rhythm music to me. Every song, or section, is in either 23 or 32 clave. The pattern is shown below in 24, as it is written in brazil. Most afrocuban styles of music are built around a 2measure rhythm called clave, a spanish word meaning key. African and caribbean traditions have had an indelible influence on pop music, particularly when it comes to rhythm. Which of the following rock and roll stars was a successful song writer and an outstanding guitarist. Pdf the syntax of clave perception and analysis of meter in. Clave cla veh an offbeat 32 or 23 rhythmic pattern over two.
Most of the time when i am hearing any son or timba song, i usually try clap my hands to the son clave rhythm 23 32. Each unit showcases a unique animal and often incorporates some of the fun antics of that animal in the students activities. Also keystone, the wedgeshaped stone in the center of an arch that ties all the stones together. Media in category clave rhythm the following 94 files are in this category, out of 94 total.
Rhythm menagerie is an exciting, reproducible resource that features fun activities to explore new rhythmic concepts. The point of origin from which something takes form and develops. If we wanted to play a 23 clave we would simply flip these two measures around. I am writing an article on the clave in salsa, and i am looking for some songs in which you can hear a clear clave rhythm being played at the beginning of the song. Even when clave is not explicitly present, afrocuban musicians feel its pattern and dancers move to its rhythm. The rhythm is typically played as a snare rim pattern in bossa nova music.
Clave claveh an offbeat 32 or 23 rhythmic pattern over two. The jazz literature abounds with oversimplifications, such as that jazz harmonies are exclusively based on european practices whereas jazz rhythm came by way of africa. O clave rhythm that is the backbone of latin music. But in all but the most traditional styles, clave isnt played at all. Ive marked each example with the time that i first notice the sound of claves. David penalosa is the author of the clave matrix afrocuban rhythm 4. For those who cant read music that well, this is one and the same with that catchy little beat from the hit song i want candy that song that aaron carter sang when he was like 8. A song will only be based on one version of a clave rhythm.
1140 1446 1166 1360 757 727 721 891 847 1245 1446 276 350 884 1146 134 969 1022 1594 1484 1475 285 457 1151 1091 447 296 1402 1268 808 1313 1360 675 856 138 1069